The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating effect on education, laying bare a crisis that was already causing widespread concern well before the spread of the virus. Robert Jenkins, the Director of Education at the UN Children’s Fund, UNICEF, is calling for a transformation in learning, amid warnings that the current system is failing millions of people.
Mr. Jenkins spoke to Conor Lennon from UN News ahead of this year’s International Day of Education, marked on 24 January. He began by outlining some of the effects the pandemic had on students worldwide.
Robert Jenkins: It’s important to remind ourselves that we still have a crisis in terms of the scale of the school closures and partial school closures. More than 635 million students remain affected by either full or partial school closures at the moment, so in no means are we out of this, in terms of the conversation around the importance of reopening schools.
We are very concerned, as more and more data is emerging, of the disproportionate impact school closures have had, in terms of learning loss, on marginalized children.
Before the pandemic, 53 per cent of 10-year-olds living in low and middle-income countries were not sufficiently or effectively reading, and did not meet the minimum standards of foundational literacy and numeracy. That is estimated to be going up to 70 per cent.
That’s 70 per cent of 10-year-olds being unable to read or understand a simple text, and children living in countries with poor learning outcomes prior to the pandemic have tended to also have had their schools closed for the longest.
The marginalized also had less access to remote learning, because they were either less likely to be living in an area in which remote learning was offered, or didn’t have access to a device, or to radio or television.
© UNICEF/Srikanth Kolari
Children practice social distancing during class in India.
UN News: What do you say to parents and teachers concerned that, with children less likely than adults to be vaccinated, schools are a breeding ground for COVID-19?
Robert Jenkins: Closing schools has a profound impact on children. As I mentioned, there’s the learning loss, but also in other ways, in terms of their psychosocial, health, physical and nutritional needs. They no longer have access to midday meals or other support they received at school.
Evidence so far indicates that in-person schooling does not appear to be the main driver of community transmission of COVID-19, and risk mitigation measures in schools have proven to be very effective.
Good initiatives include improving ventilation, encouraging physical separation, social distancing, mask wearing in certain contexts, and hand washing. Risk mitigation measures work, and in many cases are showing that indeed schools are the safest places for children.
What’s critical is engagement. There needs to be effective communication with parents. There needs to be a dialogue, and evidence needs to be shared. Teachers need to receive support so that they can effectively reopen and help children, and practice effective risk mitigation measures within schools
© UNICEF/Frank Dejongh
Children learn with tablets and computers at a school in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
UN News: Many of the issues you mentioned, such as the marginalization of disadvantaged children and inequality, existed before the pandemic, which has exacerbated many of these problems. Some education experts think that this crisis could be an opportunity to transform the education system worldwide for the better. Do you think that that is realistic?
Robert Jenkins: I have seen some encouraging examples of countries introducing innovations, which are being brought into the school system, and Sierra Leone is a great example of that. But there are many other examples of countries adopting blended learning and digital learning approaches, with support for marginalized children while schools were closed.
Unfortunately, these examples of transformation, and at-scale change that was overdue prior to the crisis, are not happening everywhere, and it would be a huge, missed opportunity if schools reopen and we return back to exactly where we were two years ago, but with children now even further behind.
UN News: With all that in mind. What’s your message to governments and Health ministers on this year’s International Education Day?
Robert Jenkins: The importance of prioritizing schools reopening, so that marginalized children can return back onto their learning journey. Let’s use this moment to transform and address long-standing education issues.